In brief
Under DIN 31051, repair covers all measures that return a failed or damaged item to a functioning condition.
Contents
What is Repair?
Repair is one of the four basic maintenance measures defined in DIN 31051. It starts when a fault, damage or failure has occurred or becomes apparent during an inspection. The aim is to restore the required function. Measures that improve an item beyond its original condition, by contrast, are classed by the standard as improvement, not repair.
Two approaches are common: with replacement, a defective component or an entire assembly is replaced by a new or reconditioned part. With repair in the narrower sense, the existing part itself is made usable again, for example by welding, reworking or rewinding a motor. Replacement usually shortens the downtime, while repairing the part saves material and is often the only option when a part is no longer available. Repairs can be planned, for instance following an inspection finding, or unplanned after a sudden breakdown.
For procurement, unplanned repair means short-notice demand under time pressure. Knowing spare parts, exchange assemblies and repair service providers in advance shortens downtime considerably.
In practice: maintenance and procurement
For a quick spare parts enquiry after a breakdown, a photo of the nameplate, the manufacturer part number, the serial number of the machine and a brief description of the damage help. If the original part is no longer available, it is worth checking in parallel whether a repair or an alternative part is an option.
Synonyms and abbreviations: corrective maintenance · repair · breakdown repair · fault rectification
Frequently asked questions
What is the difference between repair under DIN 31051 and repairing a part?
Repair is the standard term from DIN 31051 and covers all measures that make an item functional again. This includes both replacing components and repairing the existing part. Repairing a part is therefore one form of repair in the sense of the standard. In everyday language the terms are often used interchangeably.
What is the difference between servicing and repair?
Servicing takes place before damage occurs and slows down wear, for example through lubrication or cleaning. Repair starts when a fault or damage is already present and restores the function. Servicing can usually be planned; repair often cannot.
When is repairing a part worthwhile instead of replacing it?
Repairing is worthwhile if it is significantly cheaper than a new part, if the part has long lead times or is no longer manufactured. Replacement usually makes more sense if the machine has to be running again quickly and a spare part is immediately available. The two are often combined: an exchange part is fitted, and the defective part is then repaired and put into stock.
What information is needed for a spare parts enquiry after a breakdown?
Important details are the manufacturer and manufacturer part number of the defective part, the type and serial number of the machine, photos of the part and the nameplate, and the quantity required. Technical data such as dimensions, material or rating are also helpful, along with the latest date by which the part is needed.